过程写作法在英语专业低年级的运用

过程写作法近年来盛行海外，已经成为西方写作教学主流。它将写作视为交互循环的心理认知过程和语言交际过程，重视写作的具体过程及其交际性，被证明对于提高学习者写作能力效果显著。本文系统地研究了过程写作法产生的背景、理论基础及其在写作教学中的实际应用。     

The consequences of unobserved heterogeneity in a sequential logit model

Cameron and Heckman (1998) established that a sequential logit model is more sensitive than many other models to the possible biasing influence of unobserved heterogeneity. This article proposes a method which allows researchers to find out how large this potential problem is for their data, their model, and their hypothesis of interest. This is done by proposing a set of scenarios for this unobserved heterogeneity, and showing how to estimate the effects of interest given these scenarios. The set of results from these scenarios give an indication of how sensitive the results are to assumptions regarding unobserved heterogeneity. This sensitivity analysis has been applied to a study of educational attainment in the Netherlands, and it showed that that the finding that the effect of father's education declined over transitions is quite sensitive to the assumptions made about unobserved heterogeneity, but that the finding that the effect of father's education declined over birth cohorts is more robust than is often feared.     

To Leave an Area After Disaster: How Evacuees from the WTC Buildings Left the WTC Area Following the Attacks

How people leave a devastated area after a disaster is critical to understanding their ability to cope with risks they face while evacuating. Knowledge of their needs for communications about these risks is particularly crucial in planning for emergency responses. A convenience sample of 1,444 persons who survived the World Trade Center (WTC) attacks on September 11, 2001 were surveyed to ascertain their initial and ultimate destinations once they had left the buildings, how they arrived there, the role of types of obstacles they encountered, and the need for information and the seeking of other people as potential factors in influencing the process of leaving immediately. This survey was part of a larger, original survey. Results showed differences in how people traveled by mode to initial and ultimate destinations, how immediately they left the area, and factors associated with when they left. How they traveled and when they left were associated with where people lived, their tendency in times of stress to seek out other people including who they knew in the immediate area (e.g., co‐workers or friends), the physical conditions surrounding them, and the importance to some of waiting for more information. Many people indicated they did not leave immediately because they had no information about where to go or what services would be available to them. Perceptions and communications about risks they were facing were reflected in the choices they considered in how and when to leave the area. These findings have numerous ramifications for understanding and guiding personal behavior in catastrophic situations.     

自然伽马能谱测井谱解析方法研究

自然伽马能谱测井是重要的核测井方法之一，其地面信息处理系统的关键是实测谱解析技术。低分辨率是自然伽马能谱测井仪的固有弱点，且测井过程中信噪比较低，造成测井置信度不高。从自然伽马能谱测井原理出发，通过中海油实验数据处理后获得的放射性核素的标准计数率谱，对自然伽马能谱测井4种传统数据处理方法的优劣进行了对比，初步探讨了将灵敏度高、空间分辨率好的直接解调方法移植到自然伽马能谱测井谱解析中，为自然伽马能谱测井谱解析方法的选择提供了依据。     

An Exposure‐Response Threshold for Lung Diseases and Lung Cancer Caused by Crystalline Silica

Whether crystalline silica (CS) exposure increases risk of lung cancer in humans without silicosis, and, if so, whether the exposure‐response relation has a threshold, have been much debated. Epidemiological evidence is ambiguous and conflicting. Experimental data show that high levels of CS cause lung cancer in rats, although not in other species, including mice, guinea pigs, or hamsters; but the relevance of such animal data to humans has been uncertain. This article applies recent insights into the toxicology of lung diseases caused by poorly soluble particles (PSPs), and by CS in particular, to model the exposure‐response relation between CS and risk of lung pathologies such as chronic inflammation, silicosis, fibrosis, and lung cancer. An inflammatory mode of action is described, having substantial empirical support, in which exposure increases alveolar macrophages and neutrophils in the alveolar epithelium, leading to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitrogen species (RNS), pro‐inflammatory mediators such as TNF‐alpha, and eventual damage to lung tissue and epithelial hyperplasia, resulting in fibrosis and increased lung cancer risk among silicotics. This mode of action involves several positive feedback loops. Exposures that increase the gain factors around such loops can create a disease state with elevated levels of ROS, TNF‐alpha, TGF‐beta, alveolar macrophages, and neutrophils. This mechanism implies a “tipping point” threshold for the exposure‐response relation. Applying this new model to epidemiological data, we conclude that current permissible exposure levels, on the order of 0.1 mg/m³, are probably below the threshold for triggering lung diseases in humans.     

新升本院校国有资产管理的失范表现与规范路径

高校国有资产管理规范化势在必行。本文立足新升本院校国有资产管理的现状,归纳种种失范现象,探索了新升本院校国有资产管理的规范路径。即创新管理理念,强化管理意识;健全管理制度,创新管理机制;创新管理技术,共享信息资源;坚持以人为本,壮大人才队伍;完善监督制度,规范会计核算;建立评价机制,完善绩效评价。     

川东T构造须家河组储层地震响应及形成机制

对川东T构造须家河组含气储层的地球物理响应特征进行了分析，采用地质与地球物理互馈结合的手段，通过合成记录正演、储层置换的方法进行了其地质形成机制研究。结果表明：T构造须家河组含气储层主要表现为低频率、弱振幅（近空白）反射，其形成机制主要有两方面的因素，一是含气层速度的降低导致振幅减弱，在薄层叠加效应的作用下，含气层下部出现弱振幅；二是含气层对高频的吸收作用，低频率导致砂泥岩互层无法分辨，表现为弱振幅。最终形成的低频率、弱振幅特征是这两种因素的综合响应，该特征在Ｔ构造高部位可以作为识别含气储层的标志。     

A Bayesian hierarchical approach to dual response surface modelling

In modern quality engineering, dual response surface methodology is a powerful tool to model an industrial process by using both the mean and the standard deviation of the measurements as the responses. The least squares method in regression is often used to estimate the coefficients in the mean and standard deviation models, and various decision criteria are proposed by researchers to find the optimal conditions. Based on the inherent hierarchical structure of the dual response problems, we propose a Bayesian hierarchical approach to model dual response surfaces. Such an approach is compared with two frequentist least squares methods by using two real data sets and simulated data.     

Examining the interplay of an organization's prior reputation,CEO's visibility,and immediate response to a crisis

In one of only a few crisis communication research studies taking a relational approach, examining the effects of a company's prior reputation in publics’ responses to a given crisis situation, Lyons and Cameron (2004) found that both reputation and response profoundly affected publics’ attitude and behavioral intentions toward an organization involved in a crisis situation, using hypothetical, fictitious organizations and crises. Using actual organizations and crises, our research team designed a 2 (reputation: good vs. bad) × 2 (crisis response: apologetic vs. defensive) × 2 (CEO visibility in immediate crisis response: visible vs. invisible) within-subjects experiment (N = 102) to examine the variances in stakeholders’ attitudes and behavioral intentions toward a company after being exposed to online video that delivered a corporate crisis response. Findings were counter-intuitive: a defensive response to a crisis is as acceptable to crisis stakeholders as an apologetic response if the CEO is visible (or audible) in the response and if the pre-crisis company-stakeholder reputation is positive. Good reputation, defensive crisis response and CEO visibility in immediate response to a crisis resulted in the best stakeholder attitudes and purchase intentions.     

生态消费模式:社会主义生态文明建设的必然选择

当前,伴随着经济的快速发展,我国新富群体中存在着一种"病态式消费"现象,加上西方消费主义影响,引发了诸多的社会问题。实践证明,只有树立正确的消费观念、克制消费欲望、调整消费行为,才能建立生态消费模式,才能符合社会主义生态文明的要求,实现人与自然的协调发展。